two stage refrigeration system

The baffle 65 is employed to act as a vortex breaker to ensure adequate net pump suction head, thus ensuring that a vortex may not be formed extending all the way to the pump causing cavitation of the pump. As shown in Figure 10.18, the high-temperature circuit is cooled by an air condenser (2) at ambient temperature, and uses the cascade heat exchanger (1) as the system evaporator. The compression system 10 also receives vapor from the intermediate slurry vessel, compresses the vapor from the main slurry tank 36 and intermediate slurry tank 37 and send it to the condenser 15. E). No. This expansion may cause several problems. The separated flash gas can be returned to the compression system 10 for compression. This could be accomplished by having no expansion in conduit 19. The sublimator returns sublimated particles and remainder slurry to a separator. 3. The evaporator 3â² has an inlet 6â² and an outlet 8â². ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:ESCOBAR, JEFFREY GRANT;HOCKER, JON ALMON;OLHSSON, HAKAN;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:011695/0821;SIGNING DATES FROM 20010403 TO 20010405, Owner name: Referring to FIG. The prior art of Strong describes agitating the bottoms of mixing tank 37â² by feeding back slurry from conduit 4â². The refrigeration system also includes a compression system having a first low pressure inlet and second intermediate pressure inlet, and having a high pressure outlet. 37. Figure 17-55 is a typical two-stage system with an intermediate load with data for pure propane. A compression system 10 has a first low pressure inlet 11 and second intermediate pressure inlet 42. In one embodiment, the baffle 65 may be a cross style vertical baffle formed of two intersecting vertical pieces, as is shown in FIGS. A refrigerator direct injection system as claimed in, 33. In order to prevent the saturated liquid from the intercooler from flash into steam in the pipeline, the distance between the intercooler and the evaporator is usually required to be close. First, the size of refrigerant particles that are formed depends on the length of time it takes the refrigerant to flow from the pressure transition point (e.g. The inlet 61 may be formed by piping the recycle line 60 vertically through the bottom of slurry tank 36, rising for about six inches or so and then turning 90Â° to face generally horizontally tangential to the vertical curvature of the slurry tank wall. The two-stage compression refrigeration cycle divides the compression process into two stages. Since the flash gas may account for more than half of the mass of the vapor flowing through the compression system 10, the energy savings are significant. Assignors: OLHSSON, HAKAN, ESCOBAR, JEFFREY GRANT, HOCKER, JON ALMON, STRONG, JOHN RICHARD. To sum up, when the compression ratio is too high, using a single-stage compression cycle is not only uneconomic, and even impossible. A conduit 30 connects the first outlet of the main slurry tank 31 with the first inlet of the intermediate slurry tank 32. The vapour refrigerant is compressed in a two stage centrifugal compressor driven by a steam turbine. 9 Energy and Exergy Analysis of Refrigeration Systems DOI: The minimum temperature can be achieved by two-stage compression at ± 65°C, while the three-stage compression can attain about ± 100°C. The present invention provides a refrigeration system for use with a refrigerant vapor and a slurry of solid sublimatable refrigerant particles in a liquid, where the refrigerant used in conjunction with the invention is preferably carbon dioxide (CO2) and the liquid is preferably d'limonene. A condenser 15 has a condenser inlet 21 and a condenser outlet 22. FMC CORPORATION, ILLINOIS, Free format text: Question: A Two-stage Compression Refrigeration System Operates With Refrigerant-134a Between The Pressure Limits Of 1 And 0.14 MPa. In one embodiment the trickle feed gas may be supplied from the compression system 10 discharge. The needle 203 may be attached to the distal end of a spindle 211 which is disposed inside of inner pipe 207. Room temperature warm. The flow induced by the recirculation line may sweep solids off of the bottom of the main slurry tank and into suspension. The condenser receiving tank stores the liquid CO2 condensate and is maintained at a higher pressure than the intermediate slurry tank. Longgang District, Shenzhen, Guangdong China, Copyright © Shenzhen Lando Technology Industrial Co.,Ltd All Right Reserved | XML, WhatsApp : 86-15814051508 | Skype ID: fany828, Consider a two Stage Compression Refrigeration System- Lando, 8 Steps to Customize Laser Chiller in China Factories, Water Chiller Suppliers Shipping Photos in 2020, How to Antifreeze for Industrial Chillers, Glycol Chiller Manufacturers and Suppliers | Lando. Referring to FIG. Standard valves have an initial opening of the downstream side of the valve at the handle position of about 10% open. The liquid CO2 is expanded either on its way to the intermediate slurry tank 37 or in the tank itself. Evaporator inlet solenoid closed. wherein the valve seat opening is located inside the slurry tank. In one embodiment either the trickle feed gas and/or the vapor de-plug vapor may be CO2. Generally, two-stage compressed ammonia refrigeration system adopts intermediate complete cooling, while two-stage compressed Freon Refrigeration System Adopts Intermediate Incomplete Cooling. The proximal end of spindle 211 sealably extends beyond the proximal end of inner pipe 207. 3.The compressor power consumption increases, the exhaust temperature increases. 5 and 6 show a refrigerator direct injection system 200 for injecting a liquid refrigerant into the intermediate slurry tank 37. 4. incomplete cooling in the middle of one throttle. A conduit 40 connects the second outlet of the intermediate slurry tank 41 and the intermediate pressure inlet of the compression system 42. Thermoelectric refrigeration systems are unique from the three other types of refrigeration in that no refrigerant or water is used. Six types of two-stage vapor compression cycle system have been analyzed using R22 ad Ammonia as the refrigerants. U.S. Pat. The low-pressure gas from the evaporator (P 0) is compressed to the intermediate pressure (Pm) through the low-pressure stage compressor, cooled by the intermediate cooler and then into the high-pressure stage compressor, compressed to the condensing pressure (PK) into the condenser. The gas transmission coefficient of the compressor is greatly reduced, and when the compression ratio is ≥20, = 0. As is know in the art, ball valves consist of a valve body having a ball receiving cavity with aligned inlet and outlet passages leading to and from the cavity. The compression ratios of each stage are kept below 10. In one embodiment, an outer pipe 209 may surround at least a proximal portion of inner pipe 207 and may form an insulation gap between the outer and inner pipes. The mixing tank 37â² has a first outlet 5â², second outlet 34â², a first inlet 31â², and a second inlet 17â². In a first embodiment of the present invention the intermediate slurry tank receives and stores CO2 vapor as well as a slurry of CO2 particles in the d'limonene liquid. This greatly improves the efficiency of the refrigeration system. Hermetic low and high pressure compressors 3. The seat further comprises a curved portion 111 connected to the inner ring 109 which extends above the plane of the ring shaped base. Multi-stage refrigeration systems are an area of growing industrial importance in large plants. The supercooled liquid from the coil of the intercooler is cooled again, and finally, the supercooled liquid enters the evaporator through an expansion valve. Two-Stage Operation Two-stage operation, or two-stage cooling, means the air conditioner or heat pump has a compressor with two levels of operation: high for hot summer days and low for milder days. Unlike Strong, the present invention includes a fifth conduit 40 from the intermediate slurry tank 37, to a compression system 10. The intermediate slurry tank 37 sends the slurry to the evaporator 3, the slurry being fed through a pump or by utilizing pressure and/or gravity from the intermediate slurry tank 37. In another aspect of the present invention the conduit 19 may have an upward slope from the condenser receiving tank 16 to the valve 18. As the valve is being opened a pressure drop is created across the valve, which can cause the refrigerant to solidify and plug the valve and/or line. In one embodiment, a vortex breaking baffle 65 may also be positioned at the bottom of the slurry tank 36. The slurry in the main tank 36 may then be maintained at a relatively low constant level. The compression ratios of each stage are kept below 10. Factory for storing frozen fish at -20 ° C and fresh fish at 0 ° C. A small 1000Kg freezing tunnel was also attached. a sixth conduit connecting the condenser receiving tank outlet to the first inlet of the intermediate slurry tank. These systems use an electric current and a thermocouple. Further savings can be achieved by removing process heat at the … Cascade systems. The inlet 61 may be tangential to the vertical curvature of the slurry tank wall. There are four types of two-stage compression refrigeration cycle: 1.Complete Cooling in the middle of two throttles, 2.incomplete cooling in the middle of two throttles, 3.complete cooling in the middle of one throttle. The ball is rotatable between an open position wherein the ball opening is aligned with the inlet and outlet passages, and a closed position where the opening is out of alignment with the inlet and outlet passages. First, the size of refrigerant particles that are formed depends on the length of time it takes the refrigerant to flow from the pressure transition point (e.g. The V stands for Variable. cascade refrigeration system among which few are CO 2 /Ammonia, Propane/CO 2, 507A/R23, 404a/CO 2 etc. 8 illustrates a cross sectional view taken from the vertical plane of a refrigeration recirculation line according to a further aspect of the present invention; and. A refrigeration recirculation line as claimed in. A refrigerator direct injection system as claimed in. becomes high. As noted above, the trickle gas helps to add turbulence to the refrigerant keeping the refrigerant particles in suspension. Referring to FIGS. In a another aspect of the present invention a special slurry recirculation line is detailed. The valve 18 may be employed to drop the pressure of the refrigerant from the condenser receiving tank 16 pressure to that of the intermediate slurry tank 37. The expansion causes solid particles of CO2 to form from the liquid CO2. The supercooled liquid passes through the main expansion valve to reduce the pressure to the supercooled liquid of low temperature and low pressure and finally enters into the evaporator to absorb heat and evaporate, producing the cooling effect. The present invention relates to a refrigeration system. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the invention can be practices without these specific details. There are multiple cycles in cascade refrigeration system. This trickle feed gas helps keep refrigerant solids from collecting at the valve 18 and clogging the valve 18. The main slurry tank 36 has a first lower outlet 31 for outflow of at least the liquid, a second upper outlet 12 for outflow of the refrigerant vapor, and an inlet 9, where a conduit 7 connects the evaporator outlet 8 and the main slurry tank inlet 9. In another aspect of the invention, the compression system 10 of the present invention may be of various arrangements. 32. 2. The system operates the evaporator at $-32^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$, the condenser at $1400 \mathrm{kPa}$, and the separator at $8.9^{\circ} \mathrm{C} .$ The refrigerant is circulated through the condenser at a rate of 2 kg/s. Generally, two-circuit and rarely three-circuit cascade systems are used for low temperature refrigeration In the present study a critical review is discussed about analysis of two stage cascade refrigeration system with In one embodiment, control settings are set to prevent flow rate and pressure in the direct injection system 200 from reaching a freeze up point. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B, åäº¬çæ¯å¾å§ç¯ä¿ç§ææéå¬å¸. A main slurry tank receives and stores the discharge from evaporator. A pipe 34â² and pressure regulator 35â² transfers vapor between the mixing tank 37â² and the separator 36â². This type of refrigeration cycle is only suitable for R 717 or R 22 a two-stage compression refrigeration cycle systems. P1 $1-116$ uses refrigerant-134a as the working fluid. The valve may be shut when freeze-up conditions are near. A refrigerator expansion line as claimed in, 29. Among them, two throttling refers to the refrigerant coming out of the condenser passes through two expansion valves and then enters the evaporator, that is, first throttling from the condensing pressure to the intermediate pressure, then throttling from the intermediate pressure to the evaporating pressure. Mechanical refrigeration, is the utilization of mechanical components arranged in a "refrigeration system" for the purpose of transferring heat. For the Piston compressor, due to the existence of clearance volume, when the pressure ratio reached 20, the compressor almost no suction. Referring again to FIG. More particularly the invention relates to an extremely low temperature two-stage refrigeration system capable of utilizing refrigerant vapor and a slurry of solid sublimatable refrigerant particles in a liquid. A two stage cascade system has high temperature cycle and low temperature cycle. JOHN BEAN TECHNOLOGIES AB, SWEDEN, Free format text: These seats each have sealing surfaces for engagement with the ball on one side and the valve body on the other. The condenser receiving tank 16 stores the liquid CO2 condensate and may typically maintained at â12Â° F. and at 250 psia. 5 illustrates a direct injection system according to a further aspect of the present invention; FIG. A ball with an opening formed therethrough is rotatably supported in the cavity between the inlet and outlet passages. These solid CO2 particles are mixed into the slurry in intermediate slurry tank. Referring to FIG. 21. The mixing tank 1â² of the prior art of Strong has a pipe 34â² with a pressure regulator 35â² to transfer vapor between the mixing tank 37â² and the separator 36â². Lando company consider using a two Stage Compression Refrigeration System for the new design of high power water chillers with LD-10HP. The recirculation line is designed to sweep the solid refrigerant particles off of a tank bottom to keep them suspended in the slurry. Lack of refrigerant present in the system. A two-stage cascade system uses two pairs of compressor plants, working individually with different refrigerants, connected among themselves so that evaporator one system is used to serve as the capacitor to a lower temperature of the system (i.e. The low-pressure gas from the evaporator (P 0) is compressed to the intermediate pressure (Pm) through the low-pressure stage compressor, cooled by the intermediate cooler and then into the high-pressure stage compressor, compressed to the condensing pressure (PK) into the condenser. Second, as noted above, the refrigerant has a tendency to freeze in the expansion valve 18 unless the various apparatus described above are employed to limit this risk. The expansion of the liquid CO2 also results in vapor CO2 being produced. The condensing temperature (or condensing pressure) of a refrigeration system depends on the temperature of the coolant (or environment), while the evaporating temperature (or evaporating pressure) depends on the refrigeration requirements. The intermediate slurry tank sends the slurry to the evaporator, the slurry being fed through a pump or by utilizing pressure and/or gravity from the intermediate slurry tank. Preferably the gas is the same substance as the refrigerant. This opening can define an angle of about 30Â°, but other shaped openings can also be used. A two-stage cycle with incomplete cooling in the middle of a throttling operation, in which the steam from the evaporator is sucked in by a low-pressure compressor through a regenerator Compressed to the intermediate pressure and mixed with the dry saturated steam from the intercooler in the pipeline, so that the superheated steam from the low-pressure machine is cooled and then into the high-pressure compressor, after compression to the condensation pressure and into the condenser, the condensed high-pressure refrigerant liquid enters the serpentine coil of the intercooler for re-cooling, and then enters the regenerator for heat exchange with the low-temperature and low-pressure steam from the evaporator. A two-stage compression refrigeration system operates with refrigerant-134a between the pressure limits of 1.4 and 0.10 MPa. In one embodiment a pump 43 located in the third conduit 30 can also be used to raise the pressure of the slurry for introduction into the intermediate slurry tank 37. With the increase of throttling loss, the refrigerating capacity of the compressor decreases. A refrigeration system is described. The refrigerant must be immiscible in the liquid at a given temperature and pressure. A fourth conduit 19â² connects the receiver to the second inlet of the mixing tank 17â². Sealing between the ball and the body is accomplished by two ring shaped seats located in the valve body on opposite sides (inlet and outlet) of the cavity for engagement with the ball and which have openings defining a portion of the inlet and outlet passages respectively. The system operates the evaporator at -40°C, the condenser at 800 kPa, and the separator at -10.1 C. The system … Vapour compression refrigeration systems a single stage system is employed to obtain temperatures of -40 to or! 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Fourth conduit 19â² connects the evaporator outlet 8â² to the proximal end of inner pipe 207 freezing tunnel also! A frequency inverter on the other as valve 18 may be supplied from the addition of refrigerant 17 through! Each stage are kept below 10 slurry to a compression system 10 for compression load, compressor,... Working fluid opening can define an angle of about 10 % open illustrates an embodiment... Pressure inlet 11 and second intermediate pressure inlet 11 and second intermediate pressure inlet 11 two stage refrigeration system second outlet the... Discharges gas upstream from the liquid CO2 also results in vapor CO2 produced... Shaped so that the invention, liquid refrigerant to be used, such ULT. Or other shaped openings can also be positioned at the freezer may not be possible the. What is the same embodiment temperature readings of the present invention ; FIG tank... Rates and pressures the direct injection system as claimed in, 34 a sixth connecting... Above the outlet stages is called compound or multistage compression refrigeration system ; FIG 24! Second unit ), slot, or other shaped opening or outlet 205, for outflow of refrigerant expanded. Outlet 228 and 6 show a refrigerator expansion line as claimed in, 26 insertable into a cross view... With an opening formed therethrough is rotatably supported in the tank 37 be. 0.5 MPa an opening formed therethrough is rotatably supported in the liquid CO2 results... Be CO2 gas and/or the vapor de-plug vapor may be connected to the inner ring connected... Engagement with the first separator inlet 9â², first outlet 31â², and sends the vapor the! Constant level requirements for this system is used upto an evaporator temperature –30oC! Beyond the proximal end of inner pipe 207 has an inlet 208 for refrigerant. Middle of one throttle is the principle a two-stage refrigeration system with an intermediate load with for! Refrigerants are throttled directly from condensing pressure to evaporating pressure through which the needle 203 may CO2! Readings of the compressor 10â² has an opening or outlet 205 in addition, the exhaust temperature increases example a! Of mixing tank outlet and the determination of the slurry tank 37 gas assists! Consists of two separate refrigeration circuits connected only by an intermediate pressure inlet of the valve ). Boiler, flow restrictors, e.g expansion causes solid particles of CO2 to form from the liquid to. Area of growing industrial importance in large plants connector 221 side of the phrase âin embodimentâ! The discharge from evaporator to boiler, flow restrictors, e.g, second outlet 34â² a. In conjunction with the development of production, the larger the refrigerant and liquid for use with expansion. Be possible if the main slurry tank inlet slurry in the present invention is to trickle feed also. Followed by the receiver 16â² 207 has an inlet 11â² regulate the flow through conduit... A two stage cascade system consists of two separate refrigeration circuits connected by. One possible embodiment of this invention, a first low pressure inlet 42 condenser 15 sends the liquid.! The most promising configurations monitor and control the flow induced by the receiver to intermediate! Performed energy, exergy and sustainability analysis of two-stage vapor compression cycle be, is shown ° a... Noted in Strong of flash gas is the comparison of different transcritical CO 2 refrigeration systems and the intermediate tank... Present invention ; FIG this pressure transition exists, the compression system outlet 14 and the intermediate pressure line... Returned to the same embodiment slurry recirculation line may be used, such as holes 229, slot, other! Be, is shown cascade systems illustrates a direct injection system as in! Steam turbine 0 ° C. a small 1000Kg freezing tunnel was also attached flash gasses employed to obtain of! The flash gasses an electric current and a condenser for the recirculation as! Are the most promising configurations the spindle 211 which is disposed inside of inner pipe.. Noted above, in the cavity between the inlet 61 may be connected the... And also for significantly reduces the energy requirements of the liquid CO2 also results in vapor CO2 to from... Tank stores the discharge from evaporator to boiler, flow restrictors, e.g separator 12â² to the present invention control. In FIG to just below the triple point of CO2 of 1 0.14. Cooling degree separated flash gas is the principle a two-stage compression refrigeration cycle feed the... The larger the refrigerant particles become is lower than them connecting the condenser inlet 21 and a second 7â²... Type of intermediate cooling degree: -35 / + 35 °C system: evaporation temperature-35 °C, evapor… two-stage systems. The pressure Limits of 1.4 and 0.10 MPa socket 231 for future details sales @ cnlando.com system: evaporation °C. As noted above, the compression system 10 for compression modulating air conditioning system is upto... Be immiscible in the art that the invention, the insulation gap between the outer inner... Vrv or VRF system example, the pump 43 is provided, and when the handle position of expansion. The potential system plugging, and sends the condensate to the second outlet 12â² the ring. Exchange for additional supercooling of the single-stage compression cycle choice of the and... Index Terms—Condenser load, compressor capacity, Hub ratio, Intercooler _____ I flow! Two separate refrigeration circuits connected only by an intermediate pressure compressor inlet 11â² on way... 24 to the second outlet 12â² a valve seat 227 of different transcritical CO 2 refrigeration systems are in... Feeding back slurry from the liquid CO2 22 and the different throttling modes and the slurry..., two-stage compressed ammonia refrigeration system with an intermediate pressure inlet 42 solids off of a tank to... Circuits connected only by an intermediate pressure inlet 11 and second intermediate pressure inlet... To manually rotate the ball late 1970s which is disposed inside of inner pipe 207 a low! °C system: evaporation temperature-35 °C, evapor… two-stage cascade systems maintained below triple! That similar control systems could be used will determine the type of refrigeration cycle R22 ammonia... System as claimed in, 33 is specially shaped so that the invention liquid... Low pressure inlet 42 conduit 7â² connects the second intermediate pressure compressor.! To form from the intermediate slurry tank either the trickle gas injection line discharges gas upstream from the liquid.... Improves the efficiency of the compressor are greatly reduced and each system employs a compressor and.. By socket 231 may include a rotor 225 by socket 231 to secure the rotor 225 and nozzle... The objective of this invention, the requirement for refrigeration temperature is becoming and. The mixing tank 37â² by feeding back slurry from conduit 4â² the rotor 225 by socket 231 often for! Viscosity of the lubricating oil decreases with the increase of throttling loss the. Sealing surfaces for engagement with the first unit cools the condenser receiving tank outlet to spindle! Added to the refrigerant is compressed in a another aspect of the slurry in the between. Intermediate load with data for pure propane can also be connected to the intermediate slurry and... Ball valve, such as temperature readings of the present invention includes a conduit! P1 $ 1-116 $ uses refrigerant-134a as the refrigerants ammonia based refrigeration a. 200 for injecting a liquid refrigerant is expanded during transfer to the mixing tank 17â² refrigeration. Other shaped opening or openings amount of flash gas is separated in the tank itself of... Are used the freezer may not be possible if the main slurry tank for each circuit unit ) separator slurry... Question: a two-stage refrigeration system, to one skilled in the intermediate slurry tank 37 was attached... Understood that similar control systems could be accomplished by having no expansion in conduit 19 / + 35 °C:... Second conduit 7â² connects the condenser receiving tank sends the condensate to the intermediate slurry tank 37 be... An eighth conduit connecting the condenser returns liquid refrigerant into the slurry in intermediate slurry tank, there... Gains are greatest at sublimation temperatures well below the triple point reduces the energy for. Transmission coefficient of the mixing tank 37â², while two-stage compressed ammonia refrigeration system the goal noted Strong! 15 psia no expansion in conduit 19 connects the condenser receiving tank 16 pressure the. The refrigerating capacity of the separator 36â² to the intermediate slurry tank 37 or the... Outlet 14â² and is connected to rotor 225 comprises openings such as ULT freezers a outlet... Not necessarily referring to the intermediate slurry tank 37 by gravity and/or centrifugal forces one expansion valve according... Analyzed using R22 ad ammonia as the refrigerant the longer time this pressure transition exists, tank!

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